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Milk Paints
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Application of Milk
Paints ●
Furniture Glazes
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Wood Stains
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Application of Wood
Stains Top Coats
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Application of Water
Base Top Coats ●
Application of Oil
Based Top Coats
Oil
Based Gel Stains ●
Application of Gel
Stains ● Oil
Base Liquid Wipe On Stains |
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Milk Paints are the star of the furniture fashion
market. They are interior/exterior acrylic paints
suitable for indoor or outdoor furniture, crafts, and
cabinets and can be applied directly from the can to
produce a high quality satin sheen finish. When used
with Glaze Effects, you can create all the new
decorative finishes such as distressing, antiquing,
marble effects, rag rolling, or color washing. Paint on
high use
flat surfaces such as dining tables and desks will
develop the patina of every day life over time so we
recommend clear or wood stain finishes to our customers
who are do not enjoy this natural antiquing process. Milk Paints are available in the following colors:
Snow
White, Antique White, Linen, Millstone, Outback Brown,
Little Pink, Buttermilk Yellow, Somerset Gold, Sage
Green, Bayberry Green, Basil, Cypress Green, Red Pepper,
Autumn Haze, Brick Red, Tuscan Red, Baby Blue, Federal
Blue, Coastal Blue and Lamp Black. |
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- Remove hardware from furniture. Taking a little extra
time to remove backs of cabinets, drawer fronts etc., will
make staining much easier. Milk Paints may be intermixed to
create additional colors. Snow White or Antique White will
soften darker colors.
- If working in high temperatures or low humidity, Milk
Paints may be thinned with 10-20% water or General Finishes
Extender (3 to 6 oz. per quart) to improve open time for
application.
- If working over existing paint or finish, always test a
small area to make sure paint will adhere. Sand glossy
surfaces with #120 grit sandpaper before proceeding.
- Make disposable paint trays by covering paper plates
with aluminum foil.
- Test the color on the underside of the project. It is
your responsibility to insure that the color is what you
want.
- Always stir the contents well. Stirring distributes
pigments that have settled to the bottom of the can.
- Paint on a wet, liberal coat with a wide foam brush,
bristle brush, or paint pad applicator. If too little paint
is used, the surface can dry too quickly causing an uneven
appearance.
- Let dry 2 to 4 hours before applying another coat.
- We recommend two to three coats of paint. If paint is
not covering after 2 coats, you are not applying heavily
enough. If using different colors of Milk Paint over one
another (i.e.-when creating antique finishes) always apply a
coat of Top Coat in between the colors to prevent color
blending.
- Dry time is normally 2-4 hours under ideal conditions
(70˚ and 70% humidity). Cooler temperatures or higher
humidity will prolong dry time to 8-10 hours. Good
ventilation, air movement and higher temperatures will
accelerate dry time.
- Sanding between coats of any stain, paint or top coat is
referred to as Buffing. Buff between each coat of Milk Paint
with a superfine sanding sponge, #320 or #400 grit
sandpaper.
- Milk Paint dries with a low luster sheen. Although it
can be used as a one-can finish, we recommend one
application of Water Based Top Coat for increased durability
or to increase sheen. It is not necessary to buff after
applying final Top Coat.
- Milk Paints are rated for exterior use, and do not
require a Top Coat when used in outdoor applications.
General Finishes water based Top Coats are not intended for
exterior use.
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Glaze Effects are translucent water based colors used to
create beautiful decorative finishes such as
distressing, marble, shabby chic, burnishing, color
washing, rag rolling and wood graining. Use over Water
Based Wood Stains, and Milk Paints. Glaze Effects can be
inter-mixed or layered to create custom colors. They may
also be layered over one another to create deeper,
richer looks.
Glaze Effects are
available in the following colors: Winter White, Yellow
Ochre, Red Sienna, Burnt Umber, Van Dyke Brown, Pitch
Black, and Clear Base (not shown). All finishes are
shown here over Antique White Milk Paint. The digitized
colors shown are for reference purposes only. Always
test stain on a hidden area of the wood to verify
desired color. |
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Water based Milk Paints
can be used with glazes and water based stains to create
decorative finishes such as distressing, antiquing, faux
marble, rag rolling, or color washing. Creating these
layered techniques requires using layers of color
combined with sanding techniques. The results are
stunning and well worth the effort.
Distressing is the technique of marking the
wood to give the character of generations of use. The
most common technique is distress sanding. Other tools
can be used to give further character to wood; hammers,
nails, screws, old hardware, literally anything you can
pound into the wood that would leave an imprint. Then
start hammering away. If it's been a long week and you
need a lift, start a little character therapy project
for yourself. Get rid of all that stress and distress a
piece of furniture at the same time!
Antiquing is another form of distressing
using sanding techniques, often followed by glazing to
give the appearance of an antique piece of furniture
that has been well taken care of over the years but, has
slight natural wear and discoloration on the doors,
edges, or sides.
Glazing is the
process of applying a translucent color to the surface,
and then rubbing off the excess glaze.
In the following examples, several layers of Milk
Paints, Glazes and Top Coats are combined in the
tradition of old world craftsmen to create unique
decorative finishes in any color palette. The process
goes fast as water based finishes dry much more quickly
than oil based finishes. |
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The following are sample Milk Paint Glaze combinations,
Click here for more samples of Glaze Effects
or Water Based Wood Stains over Milk Paints |
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1. Two coats of Autumn Haze
Milk Paint sanded through
2. Water
based topcoat to
prevent color blending
3. Yellow
Ochre Glaze
4. Final
top coats |
1. 2 Coats Sage
Green
2. Water based
topcoat to
prevent color blending
3. Winter White Glaze
4. Final top coats |
1. Two coats of
Millstone Milk
Paint sanded through
2. Water based
topcoat to
prevent color blending
3. Van Dyke Brown
Glaze
4. Final top coats |
1. Two coats of Brick
Red
Milk Paint
2. Water based
topcoat to
prevent color blending
3. One or two coats
of Basil Milk
Paint sanded though
4. Yellow Ochre Glaze
5. Final top coats |
1. Two coats of Brick
Red
Milk Paint
2. Water based
topcoat
to prevent color blending
3. Espresso Wood
Stain
4. Final top coats |
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Our Water Based Stains have all the advantages of oil base
stains: they spread easily, can be repaired, can be blended
effortlessly, and have plenty of open time. The thicker formula
allows controlled penetration, which will reduce blotching on
softer woods such as Aspen, Pine and Maple. |
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- Mixing Custom Colors & Tinting: You can create
unique colors by mixing any two shades of water based
products. Be sure to record exactly how much of each color
is in the mix and prepare enough to complete the entire
project. Tinting may be accomplished by adding 2 oz of Wood
Stain and 2 oz. of water to a pint of Top Coat (or 4 oz. of
each to a quart). Mix the water and stain together first,
then add this mixture to tint the Top Coat. Stir well. Do
not mix water based products with oil based products.
- Always stir the contents well. Stirring reduces the
thickness of the stain and distributes pigments that may
have settled to the bottom of the can.
- Lightly sand the wood with 180-220 grit sandpaper
to open the grain to allow the stain to penetrate evenly. Do
not over sand!
- It is essential to apply a wet, liberal amount of stain
with a foam brush or a latex paint pad applicator to insure
easy workability. If too little stain is used, the surface
can dry too quickly causing an uneven appearance.
- Divide your project into manageable sections (top, side,
drawer, door).
- Stain a complete section and wipe off the excess evenly
with the grain using paper towels or a clean cloth. Check
for missed spots and lap marks before moving to the next
section. Immediately correct lap marks by rewetting the
entire working area with stain and wiping the excess off.
- Water based products dry faster so your project
can be completed faster. Dry times are temperature and
humidity dependent. Dry time is normally 2-4 hours under
ideal conditions (70˚ and 70% humidity).
- Cooler temperatures or higher humidity will prolong dry
time to 8-10 hours. Water based finishes must be applied at
temperatures above 65 F. Cooler temperatures will adversely
affect how the finish will level and harden, causing
fish-eyes or craters. If it is cold enough to wear a sweater
it is too cold to apply a water based finish.
- Good ventilation, air movement and higher temperatures
will accelerate dry time. If working in high temperatures or
low humidity, water based finishes may be thinned with
10-20% water or General Finishes Extender (3 to 6 oz. per
quart) to improve open time for application. High humidity
can extend the dry time but will not harm the final
finish.
- Sanding between coats of any stain or top coat is
referred to as Buffing. We do NOT recommend buffing between
coats of stain because you may remove an area of stain that
cannot be re-blended. If you must buff because you have
imperfections that need to be smoothed out, do so with
caution using a superfine sanding pad or #320 or #400 grit
sandpaper. Do not buff prior to the first application Top
Coat.
- Cure Time: Allow the final Top Coat to cure for a period
of 14 days to reach optimum hardness. You may use your
furniture sooner. Just treat it with special care during the
curing period.
- Maintenance: To maintain the finish clean surface with a
damp washcloth and wipe dry. Cleaners such as Pledge and
Murphy's Oil Soap are not recommended because they leave a
dull residue on the finish. Water based surfaces may be
cleaned with a damp cloth or General Finishes Orange Oil. Do
not use household cleaners or window cleaners. Paste wax is
not recommended because it builds up and yellows, thus
becoming a maintenance problem. Top Coats may be recoated at
any time in the future. Remove any grease or dirt, lightly
sand with #320 or finer grit sandpaper, and then apply
another coat.
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For optional
use over Milk Paints, this crystal clear finish is rated by Fine
Woodworking magazine as "Best Brush-on" in a competition
of national brands. It is our standard "work horse" top
coat and can be used in furniture and woodwork.
Formulated to be durable and consumer friendly, it flows
and levels easily and has great adhesion
characteristics. It has strong sag resistance for
vertical surfaces and its higher polyurethane content
provides greater durability than other
polyurethane/acrylic blends. Once you use PolyAcrylic
Blend you will say to yourself, "Fine Woodworking was
right on!" Available in the following sheens, Matte,
Satin, Semi-Gloss, and Gloss. |
- If you are applying Water Based Top Coat over an
oil based stain, allow the oil stain to dry a
minimum of 48 hours under ideal conditions.
- Water based top Coats are milky white in the
can, but will dry to a crystal clear finish. Stir
contents well to insure that all the ingredients are
mixed together.
- Apply with a foam brush, latex paint pad
applicator, or by spraying.
- Apply Top Coats liberally using smooth even
strokes working in the direction of the grain. Use
enough material to provide a wet film. Do not over
brush! Top Coats self level beautifully.
- When used over Water Based Stains, Top Coats
have "burn in" characteristics and may slightly lift
some of the color during the application of the
first coat (particularly red colors).
- On most projects three or four coats of Top Coat
is just right. On projects receiving extra wear such
as table and desk tops, additional coats will add
more protection.
Dry Time of Top Coats
- Dry time is normally 2-4 hours under ideal
conditions (70˚ and 70% humidity).
- Cooler temperatures or higher humidity will
prolong dry time to 8-10 hours.
- Good ventilation, air movement and higher
temperatures will accelerate dry time.
Buffing Top Coats
- Do not buff the stain prior to the first
application Top Coat.
- It is important to buff in between each
application of Top Coat for the smoothest possible
finish.
- After Top Coat has dried, buff between each
application with #320 or #400 grit sandpaper or
superfine sanding sponge.
- Remove dust with a clean cloth.
- It is not necessary to buff final Top Coat.
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Oil
Based Brush On Top Coat. |

For use over wood stains, Arm-R-Seal topcoats are made with only the highest
quality urethane resin, making them extremely durable
and long lasting. They are formulated to be wiped on
with a cloth or applied with a foam brush, thus
eliminating drips and sags. They penetrate to provide
deep down protection and that " natural" look.
Arm-R-Seal is available in Satin, Semi-Gloss, and
Gloss. |
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This is the stain that has the most "finishing feel" of all our
products. Woodworkers love the lustrous finish that shows up when
rubbing out the 2nd and 3rd coats. Gel Stains are formulated with a
combination of pigments, oils, and urethanes to produce a durable and
beautiful "hand-rubbed" finish. Gel Stains are heavy-bodied, and so do
not penetrate as deeply into the wood as liquid oil base stains do.
Because of this, they are often less affected by the condition of the
wood, and can help you get a more even appearance on difficult woods
such as aspen or pine. These easy-to-use stains simply wipe on with a
cloth or applied with a foam brush (no spills or splashes). Gel Stains
are available in: Golden Pine, New Pine, Prairie Wheat, Colonial Maple,
American Oak, Candlelite, Nutmeg, Antique Walnut, Brown Mahogany,
Georgian Cherry, and Java. |
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Caution: If finishing an unassembled piece of
furniture prior to assembly, care must be taken to avoid
getting stain on the areas of the joints. Glue will not
stick to surfaces that have finish on them. |
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Using a cloth, foam brush or paint pad applicator,
apply a liberal amount of Gel Stain to the area of raw wood you are
working. Divide your project into sections: drawer front, table or
cabinet top, side of chest, etc. Keep the area wet with product
while applying. Wipe away the excess with clean cloths or paper
toweling and rub out the stain until the color is even, applying
light pressure with your hand until the first layer of stain evens
out in color. As the first coat of stain dries, the appearance will
be dull or dry. Take heart, the beauty of the wood will come alive
as you add subsequent layers of color and top coats.
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Additional coats of stain may be applied for a deeper,
richer color. This photo shows a second coat of Java being applied
over the first coat of Java.
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Sanding between coats of any stain or top coat is
referred to as Buffing. We do not recommend buffing between coats of
stain because you may remove an area of stain that cannot be
re-blended. If you must buff because you have imperfections that
need to be smoothed out, do so with caution using a superfine
sanding pad or #320 sandpaper.
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On the second or third coats of stain, wipe off the
excess stain using a clean cloth or paper toweling the direction of
the grain. Again, apply light pressure with your hand until the
color is evened out, finishing with a polishing motion always in the
direction of the grain.
Tip: Keep extra wiping cloths
nearby as you work, replacing them as needed until you remove all
excess gel stain. Be sure to remove all rag marks and smudges,
turning and changing cloths as needed. Several thin coats will give
a better result. |
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Continue to turn the cloth to a clean side as you work.
On your last few passes across the surface, use a lighter polishing
motion, continuing to work in the direction of the grain. When you
achieve the depth of color desired, it is time to move on to
optional top coats. |
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Tip: Use an old dry
bristle brush to remove stain buildup from the corners of molding,
bead board, etc. |
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Continue to turn the cloth to a clean side as you work.
On your last few passes across the surface, use a lighter polishing
motion, continuing to work in the direction of the grain. When you
achieve the depth of color desired, it is time to move on to
optional top coats.
Tip: Protect any wet surfaces
that you may handle by using a dry cloth. |
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The stain itself contains top coat material and can be
used as a one can finish. If using a gel stain as a one can finish,
we recommend using at least 2-3 coats. For maximum durability, apply
Gel Topcoat over Gel Stain.
Apply top coat with a cloth, paint pad or foam brush. Shown here:
application using paper toweling.
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When applying topcoats, your application process turns
into a very light, brisk polishing motion with long light sweeping
strokes, as the Top Coats glide along the smoother surface of the
previous stain coats. Several thin coats give the best result. |
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Buff lightly between each top coat with a super fine
sanding pad or #320 sand paper. Do not buff the final topcoat.
Sanding pads are far superior to sand paper as they form around
moldings and corners and they last a long time. We like using a
well-worn pad on the last few coats of top coat to promote a fine
finish. Tip: If your super fine
sanding pad is new, use it on raw wood first when working with the
final finish coat. |
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Vacuum after buffing each layer of top coat. |
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Last step - start admiring your beautiful furniture. |
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- Dry time: Wipe-on Liquid Stains and Top
Coats can dry in 6-8 hours under ideal conditions
(70˚ - 75% humidity). Cooler temperatures or higher
humidity may extend the time needed for drying up to
12-24 hours or longer. Basements, even with a
furnace, fireplace, and dehumidifier, are the worst
environments for drying. Provide good ventilation
and air movement with a fan to greatly improve dry
time. If a stain coat is dry, you should be able to
wipe your hand across the surface without feeling
any tackiness. If your top coat is dry, sanding will
produce a white powder.
- Maintenance and Care: It's important to let your
final coat cure for a period of 14 days to reach
optimum hardness. You may use your project sooner,
just treat it with special care during the curing
period. To maintain the finish use General Finishes
Orange Oil or just a damp cloth. Paste wax is not
recommended, because it builds up and yellows, thus
becoming a maintenance problem.
- To rejuvenate an old dull finish, simply clean
surface well with mineral sprits and '0000' steel
wool and apply one of General Finishes Top Coats.
Cure Time
- Use caution in disposal
of oil based waste materials!!!! When
using oil based finishes, take careful precautions
when disposing of waste products. Rags, steel wool
or other waste soaked with these products may
spontaneously catch fire if improperly discarded.
Never leave application materials indoors.
Immediately after use, place rags, steel wool or
waste in sealed, water filled, metal container.
Dispose of in accordance with local fire
regulations.
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Oil based Wood Stains are made from the highest quality oils, resins,
and pigments to insure your finishing project will be an easy and
rewarding experience. As a testimony to the stains' overall excellence,
several woodworking magazines have awarded GF Stains their highest
recommendations in national competitions. They have been foolproof for
over 40 years! The stain colors are current, exciting and offer you a
wide range of choices: White Mist, Honey, Honey Maple, Maple, Light Oak,
Pecan, Salem, Danish Teak, Candlelight, Warm Cherry, Antique Cherry,
American Walnut, Mahogany, and Spiced Walnut. |
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Use caution in disposal of oil
based waste materials!!!! When using oil
based finishes, take careful precautions when disposing
of waste products. Rags, steel wool or other waste
soaked with these products may spontaneously catch fire
if improperly discarded. Never leave application
materials indoors. Immediately after use, place rags,
steel wool or waste in sealed, water filled, metal
container. Dispose of in accordance with local fire
regulations. |
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